Abstract: Tare da ci gaban fasaha a cikin saurin gudu da daidaitawa, sarrafa kansa na tsarin mutum-mutumi ya zo cikin gaskiya.A cikin wannan takarda an bayyana tsarin gano mutum-mutumi na cikas don dalilai da aikace-aikace daban-daban.Ana aiwatar da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic andrinfrared don bambance cikas a kan hanyar mutum-mutumi ta hanyar ba da alamu ga microcontroller mai ɓarna.Karamin mai sarrafa na'ura yana karkatar da mutum-mutumi don matsar da wata hanya ta hanyar ingiza injiniyoyi don neman nisantar cikas.Ƙimar nunin tsarin yana nuna daidaitaccen kashi 85 da yuwuwar 0.15 na rashin jin daɗi a ɗaiɗaiku.Yin la'akari da komai, an aiwatar da da'irar gano cikas yadda ya kamata ta amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin infrared da ultrasonic waɗanda aka ɗora akan panel.
1. Gabatarwa
Aikace-aikace da ƙirar mutum-mutumi masu sassauƙa da yawa suna haɓaka haɓakawa a kowace rana.Suna ci gaba akai-akai zuwa ingantattun saituna a fannoni daban-daban, alal misali, soja, filayen asibiti, gwajin sararin samaniya, da kiyaye gida na al'ada.Haɓakawa kasancewa muhimmiyar sifa ta mutum-mutumi masu daidaitawa a cikin hana gujewa da tabbatar da hanya yana tasiri sosai yadda mutane ke amsawa da ganin tsari mai zaman kansa.Hannun PC da na'urori masu auna firikwensin kewayon mahimman bayanai ne tsarin tabbatarwa da za a iya gane su da ake amfani da su a cikin ID na mutum-mutumi.Tsarin tantancewa na PC ya fi tsauri da wuce gona da iri fiye da dabarun na'urori masu auna firikwensin.Amfani da oilradar, infrared (IR) da na'urori masu auna firikwensin rultrasonic don aiki da tsarin gano cikas ya fara daidai kan lokaci a matsayin tsarin gano shinge.1980 ta.Ko ta yaya, bayan gwajin waɗannan ci gaban an yi la'akari da cewa ci gaban radar shine mafi dacewa don amfani yayin da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ci gaba guda biyu aka tsara su ga ƙuntatawar muhalli, misali, hadari, kankara, ranar hutu, da ƙasa. .Hanyar auna na'urar ta kasance ci gaba mai ma'ana ta kuɗi kowane don wannan da abin da zai dawo [3].Na'urar firikwensin da alama ba a iyakance su ga shaidar da za a iya gane shi na cikas ba.Ana iya amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin daban-daban don kawar da siffofi daban-daban don wakilcin tsire-tsire a cikin tsire-tsire, ba da damar mutum-mutumi mai sarrafa kansa don samar da taki mai kyau a hanya mafi kyau, yana nuna nau'i daban-daban kamar yadda aka bayyana ta hanyar.
Akwai sabbin abubuwa na IOT daban-daban a cikin noma waɗanda suka haɗa da tattara bayanai masu gudana akan yanayin yanzu waɗanda suka haɗa mamaye mamayewa, mugginess, zafin jiki, hazo da sauransu.A wannan lokacin za a iya amfani da bayanan da ake tattarawa don sarrafa hanyoyin noma kuma za a iya ilmantar da su kan zaɓi don ƙazantar da adadi da inganci don rage haɗari da ɓarna, da iyakance ayyukan da ake sa ran ci gaba da girbi.Misali, masu kiwon dabbobi a halin yanzu suna iya tantance damshin ƙasa da zazzabi na ranch daga yanki mai nisa har ma da aiwatar da ayyukan da ake buƙata don daidaitaccen noma.
2.Hanyoyi da aiwatarwa
Hanyar da aka bincika a cikin wannan takarda ta fito daga matakai masu zuwa.Bugu da ƙari, bayanin da aka gano yana kula da allon Arduino guda biyu wanda shirin Arduino ya shirya [8].Ana nuna zanen toshe na tsarin a Hoto 1.
Hoto na 1:Toshe zane na tsarin
Ci gaban tsarin yana buƙatar Arduino UNO don sarrafa bayanan firikwensin (Echo ultrasonic firikwensin) da nuna alamar mai kunnawa (injunan DC) don motsa.Ana buƙatar tsarin Bluetooth don rubutu tare da tsarin da sassan sa.An haɗa dukkan tsarin ta hanyar allon burodi.An ba da dabarar waɗannan kayan aikin a ƙasa:
2.1Sensor Ultrasonic
Hoto 2. Akwai firikwensin ultrasonic a kusa da abin hawa wanda ake amfani da shi don gane duk wani cikas.Na'urar firikwensin ultrasonic yana watsa raƙuman sauti kuma yana nuna sauti daga wani abu.A wurin da wani abu ke faruwa na raƙuman ruwa na ultrasonic, tasirin makamashi yana faruwa har zuwa digiri 180.A yayin da cikas ke kusa da abin da ke faruwa, makamashi yana nuna baya sosai kafin dogon lokaci.Idan abun ya yi nisa, a wannan lokacin alamar da aka nuna zata ɗauki ɗan ƙayyadadden lokaci don isa wurin mai karɓa.
Hoto 2 Sensor Ultrasonic
2.2Arduino Board
Arduino shine Aboki a cikin kayan aikin samar da kayan aikin jinya da shirye-shirye wanda zai haifar da mai siyayya don gwadawa da yin aiki mai ƙarfi a ciki.Arduino na iya zama microcontroller.Waɗannan na'urori na microcontroller suna sauƙaƙe a cikin sleuthing kuma suna mamaye labaran cikin yanayi na yau da kullun kuma, yanayi.Waɗannan zanen gadon suna da ƙarancin tsada a kasuwa.Akwai ci gaba iri-iri da aka yi a cikinsa kuma, har yanzu yana ci gaba.Ana nuna allon Arduino a ƙasan adadi na 3.
Hoto na 3:Arduino Board
2.3DC Motors
A cikin injin DC na yau da kullun, akwai maɗauran maganadisu na dindindin a waje kuma, jujjuyawa a ciki.Dama lokacin da kuka kunna wuta a cikin wannan electromagnet, yana yin fili mai ban sha'awa a cikin armature wanda ke jan hankali da karkatar da maganadisu a cikin stator.Saboda haka, armature ya juya zuwa 180 digiri.Ya bayyana a kasa hoto 4.
Hoto na 4:Motar DC
3. Sakamako da Tattaunawa
Wannan tsarin da aka tsara ya haɗa da kayan aiki kamar Arduino UNO, abubuwan da ba za a iya jurewa ba, allon burodi, sigina don ganin cikas da haskaka mabukaci tare da la'akari da cikas, Red LEDs, Sauyawa, Jumper interface, bankin wutar lantarki, sandunan kai na namiji da na mata, kowane. m da lambobi don ƙirƙirar kayan aikin da za'a iya sawa ga masu siye azaman makada don wasanni.Ana yin wayoyi na hanawa a cikin Associate in Nursing bayan hanya.Ana haɗe da ringi mai gyara ƙasa zuwa Arduino GND.An haɗa + ve zuwa fil 5 na Arduino na LED da ƙafar tsakiyar mai sauyawa.An haɗa Buzzer zuwa kafa na yau da kullun na sauyawa.
Zuwa ƙarshe, bayan an yi duk haɗin gwiwa zuwa hukumar Arduino, matsa lamba zuwa hukumar Arduino kuma a tilasta wa nau'ikan kayayyaki daban-daban ta amfani da banki mai ƙarfi ko ƙarfi a hankali.Ana nuna ra'ayi na gefe akan ƙirar da aka tsara a ƙasan adadi 5.
Hoto na 5:Duba gefe don ƙirar ƙira don Gane cikas
Abubuwan ji na ultrasonic anan ana amfani dashi azaman wayar Faransa.Raƙuman ruwa na ultrasonic ar aika ta mai watsawa da zarar an gane abubuwan.kowane mai watsawa da wurin da zai amfana a cikin sashin ji na ultrasonic.muna da hali don ƙididdige lokacin shimfiɗa tsakanin alamar da aka ba da kuma samu.An daidaita abin da ke tsakanin batun da abin ji ta amfani da wannan.Dama bayan mun ƙara rabuwa tsakanin labarin kuma saboda haka abin da ke da hankali gefen tunani na iya raguwa.abin ji yana da haɓaka digiri sittin.Tsarin robot na ƙarshe ya bayyana a ƙarƙashin adadi 6.
Hoto na 6:Robot Ya Kammala Tsarin A Gaba
An gwada tsarin da aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar sanya cikas a rarrabuwa daban-daban akan hanyarsa.An tantance halayen na'urori masu auna firikwensin daban, tunda suna kan wani yanki na mutum-mutumi mai sarrafa kansa daban-daban.
4. Kammalawa
Ganowa da tsarin gujewa don Tsarin atomatik na atomatik.An yi amfani da saiti 2 na na'urori masu auna firikwensin daban-daban don gane cikas kan hanyar na'urar ta atomatik.darajar gaskiya da ƙarancin yuwuwar rashin jin daɗi sun kasance marasa gado.Kima akan tsarin kyauta ya nuna cewa an tanadar da shi don gujewa cikas, ikon kasancewa nesa da faɗuwa da canza matsayinsa.A bayyane yake, tare da wannan tsari za'a iya ƙara dacewa mafi mahimmanci, wannan yana nufin aiwatar da iyakoki daban-daban ba tare da sa hannun mutane ba.A ƙarshe, ta yin amfani da IR, robot ɗin da za a sarrafa shi daga nesa.mai amfana da mai kula da nesa.Wannan aiki zai kasance da amfani a cikin yanayi mara kyau, kariya da tsaro na al'umma.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-21-2022